The Williams & Andrews Families of Newport and Bristol

One of the main things I have discovered as a result of researching my family history is that my roots are very much in England - indeed most of my ancestors originated from the Engish West Country. One exception to this however is the WILLIAMS family who came to Bristol in the mid-19th century from the other side of the River Severn - Newport in South Wales. And while the majority of my ancestors migrated to Bristol in the 1800s, I have discovered that the ANDREWS family were living in the city as far back as the 1780s. They were also a family where the same trade was passed down from father to son, with three generations working as saddlers.

The majority of the information on this webpage was compiled entirely by myself with the assistance of TONY POOLE, who has carried out research into the ANDREWS family at the Bristol Records Office on my behalf. I would however like to thank my third cousin, once removed JANA PROZENIUK for providing me with information about and photographs of John and Isabella EVANS; SUE GILLARD and Greg MONAGHAN for providing me with details about Lily Cordelia WILLIAMS and William Henry GILLARD; DARREN NOTT, CAROL SMITH and COLIN PURNELL for providing me with information about the family of Richard ANDREWS and Martha Chambers BALL; MERRIS WINE for providing details about Richard ANDREWS and Mary Ann SAUNDERS; SALLY DOUGLAS for helping me work out the identity of the second wife of John Southcott ANDREWS; SUSAN MOORE for providing information about Martha ANDREWS and Charles BATHE; SHIRLEY BURCHILL for providing me with the details about Fanny MORGAN's court case; PAUL BENYON and DAVID HEPPER for helping me understand Herbert WILLIAMS's Royal Navy service certificate; CELIA GREEN of the Regimental Museum of the Royal Welsh for information about Edward ANDREWS's army service; GAVIN ROBERTS for the old photographs of Broadmead, and JIM FISHER, RAY HENNESSEY and PATRICK WILLIAMS for providing me with extracts from various sources with regard to the derivation of the names "WILLIAMS" and "ANDREWS". I am also indebted to the members of the Bristol & Somerset Mailing List. Much of the information on this page has no primary source and while I believe that it is accurate, I cannot take responsibility for any errors or omissions. I will be updating this page regularly as new information comes to light.

According to the "The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland", WILLIAMS is a variant of the WILLIAM with a genitival (i.e. possessive) or superfluous "-s". The surname WILLIAM is a relationship name (i.e. derived from a relative, typically the father) from the Middle English personal name WILLIAM which in turn is a form of the Continental Germanic "Willihelm", composed of the elements "wil" meaning "will" or "desire" and "helm" meaning "helmet" or "protection". Early examples include Thomas WILLAMES (Assize Rolls, Staffordshire, 1307), Robert WILLIAMES (Assize Rolls, 1309), Thomas WILLIAM (Subsidy Rolls, Suffolk, 1237) and Philip WILLIAMES (Feet of Fines, Bishops Castle, Shropshire, 1391).

The same source states that ANDREWS is a variant of ANDREW, again with a genitival or superfluous "-s". The surname ANDREW is a relationship name from the personal names ANDREU, ANDREW or ANDROU, which all come from the Old French "Andrieu". This name appears in the Old Testament as "Andreas" which in turn derives from the Greek "andreios" meaning "manly". Early examples include Moricius ANDREWYS (Subsidy Rolls, Worcestershire, 1275), John ANDRUS (Norwich Wills, 1510) and Humfrey ANDROS (York Freemen's Register, 1552.

Thomas WILLIAMS was probably baptised in St Woolos, Newport, Wales on 14th October 1816, the son of Thomas and Margaret WILLIAMS. Family legend suggests that either Thomas or Margaret, or perhaps both of them, came from Ireland or had Irish ancestry, though there is no evidence for this at present. Thomas married Sarah CAVELL on 23rd July 1843 in Bassaleg, near Newport. Sarah was born in Bristol on 14th February 1825 and was the daughter of William CAVELL and Mary REES. Thomas and Sarah had at least ten children together - Mark, born 9th February 1846 in Graig, Monmouthshire; William, born c. 1848 in Bassaleg; Sarah Ann, born 13th April 1851 in Pillgwenlly, Newport; Alfred, born 5th September 1853 at 8 South Market Street, Newport; Sidney, born c. 1856 in Newport; Mary Jane, born c. 1858 in Newport; Isabella, born c. 1861 in Newport; Albert and Herbert, both born c. 1864 in Newport, and Cordelia, born c. 1866 in Newport. All of Thomas and Sarah's children were baptised in St Paul, Newport. This is how the family appears in the 1851, 1861 and 1871 censuses:

Mill Brook Cottages, St Woolos, Newport, Monmouthshire (1851)

Thomas WILLIAMS aged 30 Labourer born Newport, Monmouthshire
Sarah WILLIAMS wife 36 born Bristol, Gloucestershire
Mark WILLIAMS son 6 born Bassaleg, Monmouthshire
William WILLIAMS son 3 born Bassaleg, Monmouthshire

8 South Market Street, St Woolos, Newport, Monmouthshire (1861)

Thomas WILLIAMS aged 44 Labourer born St Woolos, Newport
Sarah WILLIAMS wife 34 born St Woolos, Newport
Sarah Ann WILLIAMS daughter 10 born St Woolos, Newport
Alfred WILLIAMS son 8 born St Woolos, Newport
Sydney WILLIAMS son 5 born St Woolos, Newport
Mary Jane WILLIAMS daughter 3 born St Woolos, Newport

43 South Market Street, Newport, Monmoutshire (1871)

Thomas WILLIAMS aged 54 Labourer born Newport
Sarah WILLIAMS wife 46 Dressmaker born Bassaleg, Newport
Mark WILLIAMS son 25 Labourer born Bassaleg, Newport
William WILLIAMS son 23 Railway Police born Bassaleg, Newport
Alfred WILLIAMS son 18 Carpenter born Newport
Isabella WILLIAMS daughter 10 Scholar born Newport
Herbert WILLIAMS son 7 Scholar born Newport
Albert WILLIAMS son 7 Scholar born Newport
Cordelia WILLIAMS daughter 5 Scholar born Newport

Thomas WILLIAMS died on 8th March 1874 at 43 South Market Street. The cause of death was recorded as emphysema, heart disease and dropsy. His widow Sarah continued to live in South Market Street, as shown here in the 1881 and 1891 censues:

43 South Market Street, St Woolos, Newport, Monmouthshire (1881)

Sarah WILLIAMS widow aged 54 Laundress born Bristol
Albert WILLIAMS son 17 Porter born Newport
Herbert WILLIAMS son 17 Porter born Newport

43 South Market Street, St Woolos, Newport, Monmouthshire (1891)

Sarah WILLIAMS widow aged 65 Laundress born Bristol
Herbert WILLAMS son 27 Haulier born Newport

Sarah married her widowed brother-in-law Mark WILLIAMS on 10th August 1895 in the Register Office, Newport. This is how Mark and Sarah appear in the 1901 census:

Penner Wharf, St Paul, Newport, Monmouthshire, Wales

Mark WILLIAMS aged 79 General Labourer born Newport, Monmouthshire
Sarah WILLIAMS wife 76 Tailoress born Bristol, Somerset

Mark WILLIAMS died in about 1908. In 1911 Sarah was living with her son Herbert in Merriotts Place, Newport in 1911 (see below census entry). Sarah WILLIAMS (nee CAVELL) died on 6th February 1915 at 7 Merriotts Place, Newport.

Mark WILLIAMS (b. 1846) married Eliza EDWARDS in 1877. She was born in about 1853 in Coedkernew, Monmouthshire. Mark and Eliza had at least four children together - Thomas, born c. 1879 in Coedkernew; William, born c. 1881 in St. Brides, Monmouthshire; John Herbert, born c. 1883 in Newport, and Gladys Mary, born c. 1885 in Newport. This is how the family appears in the 1881, 1891, 1901 and 1911 censuses:

Red House, Hawst Road, St Bride, Wentllooge, Monmouthshire, Wales (1881)

Mark WILLIAMS aged 31 Platelayer born Bassaleg, Monmouthshire
Eliza WILLIAMS wife 28 born Coedkernew, Monmouthshire
Thomas WILLIAMS son 1 born Coedkernew, Monmouthshire
William WILLIAMS son 6 days born St Brides, Monmouthshire
Cordelia WILLIAMS sister 14 Nurse born St Woolos, Monmouthshire

44 South Market Street, St Woolos, Monmouthshire, Wales (1891)

Mark WILLIAMS aged 44 Haulier born Bassaleg, Monmouthshire
Eliza WILLIAMS wife 38 born Coedkernew, Monmouthshire
Thomas WILLIAMS son 12 Scholar born Coedkernew, Monmouthshire
William WILLIAMS son 10 Scholar born St Brides, Monmouthshire
Jno. Herbert WILLIAMS son 8 Scholar born St Woolos, Monmouthshire
Gladys Mary WILLIAMS daughter 6 born St Woolos, Monmouthshire

Griffin, Graig, Bassaleg, Monmouthshire, Wales (1901)

Mark WILLIAMS aged 56 Waggoner on Farm born Bassaleg, Monmouthshire
Eliza WILLIAMS wife 47 born Coedkernew, Monmouthshire
Thomas WILLIAMS son 21 Labourer In Steel Works born Coedkernew, Monmouthshire

Smithfield, Coedkernew, Monmouthshire, Wales (1911)

Mark WILLIAMS aged 65 Farm Labourer born Bassaleg, Monmouthshire
Eliza WILLIAMS wife 58 born Coedkernew, Monmouthshire

Isabella WILLIAMS (b. 1861) married John EVANS on 24th July 1882 in The Register Office, Newport. John was born in about 1857 in Newport and was the son of Daniel EVANS. Isabella and John had at least seven children together - Gwenith Lilian, born c. 1883 in Newport; Alice May, born c. 1885 in Newport; Constance Laura, born c. 1887 in East Dean, Gloucestershire, died c. 1892; Herbert, born 15th November 1889 in East Dean; Bella, born c. 1892 in East Dean; Harry Llewellyn, born c. 1894 in East Dean, and Donald, born c. 1900 in East Dean. This is how the family appears in the 1891 and 1901 censuses:

John EVANS aged 34 Black Smith born Newport, Monmouthshire
Isabella EVANS wife 29 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Gwenith Lilian EVANS daughter 7 Scholar born Newport, Monmouthshire
Alice May EVANS daughter 6 Scholar born Newport, Monmouthshire
Constance Laura EVANS daughter 3 born East Dean, Gloucestershire
Herbert EVANS son 1 born East Dean, Gloucestershire

John EVANS aged 44 Colliery Blacksmith born Newport, Monmouthshire
Isabella EVANS wife 39 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Gwenith L. EVANS daughter 17 Pupil Teacher born Newport, Monmouthshire
Alice M. EVANS daughter 15 Dressmaker's Apprentice born Newport, Monmouthshire
Herbert EVANS son 11 born East Dean, Gloucestershire
Bella EVANS daughter 8 born East Dean, Gloucestershire
Harry L. EVANS son 6 born East Dean, Gloucestershire
Donald EVANS son 4 months born East Dean, Gloucestershire

John EVANS aged 55 Blacksmith born Newport, Monmouthshire
Bella EVANS daughter 18 born Mitcheldean, Gloucestershire
Donald EVANS son 10 Scholar born Mitcheldean, Gloucestershire

Meanwhile, Isabella and her son Harry were visiting her daughter Gwenith's family in Abersychan, Monmouthshire:

John SALTER aged 27 Coal Miner Hewer born Birmingham, Warwickshire
Gwenith Lilian SALTER wife 27 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Dorothy Alice SALTER daughter 3 born Abersychan, Monmouthshire
Harry Llewellyn EVANS brother-in-law 16 Coal Miner's Assistant born Mitcheldean, Gloucestershire
Isabella EVANS mother-in-law 49 born Newport, Monmouthshire

Some of John and Isabella's children immigrated to Canada. Herbert (b. 1890) travelled first, arriving in Montreal, Quebec on 30th April 1906 aboard the Dominion. He was followed by Alice (b. 1885) and Harry Llewellyn (b. 1894) who both arrived in St John, New Brunswick on 29th March 1912 aboard the Lake Manitoba. Harry subsequently enlisted in the 172nd Battalion of the Canadian Over-Seas Expeditionary Force on 10th January 1916. John and Isabella themselves eventually joined their children in Canada, sailing from Liverpool on 6th April 1920 aboard the Metagama and arriving in St John on 20th April. Their daughter Bella (b. 1892) travelled with them, and they settled in Salmon Arm, British Columbia. John and Isabella's eldest daughter, Gwenith, remained in Britain having married John SALTER in 1906. She died in 1924 aged only 41. It is not known whether Donald EVANS (b. 1900) also went to Canada or stayed behind in England. John EVANS died on 15th January 1927 in Salmon Arm, and his widow Isabella died on 2nd April 1943, also in Salmon Arm.

Albert WILLIAMS (b. 1864) married Mary Ann DAVIES. She was born in Cwmbran, Monmouthshire in about 1865. Albert and Mary had at least five children together - Herbert Henry, born c. 1885 in Cwmbran; Mabel, born c. 1887 in Maindee, Newport; Lily, born c. 1890 in Maindee; Albert Ivor Stanley, born c. 1899 in Newport, and Percy, born c. 1902 in Newport. This is how the family appears in 1891, 1901 and 1911:

32 Hereford Street, Christchurch, Newport, Monmouthshire (1891)

Albert WILLIAMS aged 27 Grocer's Haulier born Newport, Monmouthshire
Mary A. WILLIAMS wife 26 born Cwmbran, Monmouthshire
Herbert WILLIAMS son 6 Scholar born Cwmbran, Monmouthshire
Mabel WILLIAMS daughter 4 born Maindee, Monmouthshire
Lily WILLIAMS daughter 1 born Maindee, Monmouthshire

46 South Market Street, St Paul, Newport, Monmouthshire (1901)

Albert WILLIAMS aged 37 Stationery Engine Driver born Newport, Monmouthshire
Mary Ann WILLIAMS wife 36 born Cwmbran, Monmouthshire
Herbert H. WILLIAMS son 16 Rivet Warmer born Cwmbran, Monmouthshire
Mabel WILLIAMS daughter 14 Domestic Servant born Newport, Monmouthshire
Lily WILLIAMS daughther 12 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Albert I. S. WILLIAMS son 2 born Newport, Monmouthshire

37 South Market Street, Newport, Monmouthshire (1911)

Albert WILLIAMS aged 47 Waggoner for Brewery born Newport, Monmouthshire
Maryann WILLIAMS wife 46 born Cwmbran, Monmouthshire
Herbert WILLIAMS son 26 Rivet Warmer born Cwmbran, Monmouthshire
Lilly WILLIAMS daughther 22 Ironer born Newport, Monmouthshire
Albert WILLIAMS son 12 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Percy WILLIAMS son 9 born Newport, Monmouthshire

Herbert WILLIAMS (b. 1864) married Clara Mary GROVES in 1892. Clara was born in about 1863 in Newport and was the daughter of William and Celia GROVES. Herbert and Clara had at least three children together, all born in Newport - Clara Florence, born c. 1893; Cecilia Cavill, born c. 1895, and William Sidney, born c. 1897. This is how the family appears in the 1901 and 1911 censuses:

45 South Market Street, St Paul, Newport, Monmouthshire

Herbert WILLIAMS aged 37 Storekeeper born Newport, Monmouthshire
Clara M. WILLIAMS wife 37 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Clara F. WILLIAMS daughter 7 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Cecilia C. WILLIAMS daughter 5 born Newport, Monmouthshire
William S. WILLIAMS son 3 born Newport, Monmouthshire
Cecilia GROVES widow mother-in-law 67 born Bridgwater, Somerset

7 Merriotts Place, Newport, Monmouthshire

Herbert WILLIAMS aged 47 Storekeeper at Ship Chandlers born St Woolos, Newport
Clara Mary WILLIAMS wife 47 born St Woolos, Newport
Clara Florence WILLIAMS daughter 17 Machinist at Shirt Factory born St Woolos, Newport
Cecilia Cavil WILLIAMS daughter 15 Machinist at Shirt Factory born St Woolos, Newport
William Sidney WILLIAMS son 13 Scholar born St Woolos, Newport
Sarah Cavil WILLIAMS mother 86 born St Paul, Bristol

Cordelia WILLIAMS (b. 1867) married Robert TUCKER on 30th September 1886 in St Paul, Newport. Robert was born in about 1865 in Newport and was the son of Thomas TUCKER. This is how Cordelia and Robert appear in the 1891 census:

Robert TUCKER aged 26 Mariner born Newport, Monmouthshire
Cordelia TUCKER wife 24 born Newport, Monmouthshire

Alfred WILLIAMS was born on 5th September 1853 in South Market Street, Newport and was the son of Thomas WILLIAMS and Sarah CAVELL. Alfred moved to Bristol in the 1870s and married Mary Elizabeth ANDREWS on 25th December 1875 in St Philip & Jacob. Mary was born on 30th November 1857 at 14 Rosemary Street, St Paul, Bristol and was the daughter of Edward ANDREWS and Ann CAVELL. Mary's mother Ann was the younger sister of Alfred's mother Sarah, so Alfred and Mary were in fact first cousins. Alfred and Mary had at least eight children together, all born in Bristol - Elizabeth Annie Florence, born 27th July 1877 at 16 Hope Square, Bedminster; Sarah Alice Mary, born 11th December 1878 at 26 Alfred Street, St Paul; William Alfred, born 15th March 1881 at 10 Elton Street, Ashley; Edith Maud, born 27th April 1883 at 6 Elton Street, Ashley; Sydney Edward Cavall, born 30th April 1885 at 7 Cabot Street, St Paul; Herbert Edgar, born 17th March 1887 at 5 James Street, St Philip & Jacob; Alfred Andrews, born 4th September 1889 at 6 Dermot Street, Ashley, and Lily Cordelia, born 13th April 1892 at 13 Southey Street, Ashley. This is how the family appears in the 1881, 1891 and 1901 censuses:

Alfred WILLIAMS aged 26 Carpenter born Newport, Monmouthshire
Mary WILLIAMS wife 23 born St Paul, Bristol
Elizabeth Florence WILLIAMS daughter 4 born Bedminster, Bristol
Sarah Alice WILLIAMS daughter 2 born St Paul, Bristol
Infant WILLIAMS son 1 month born St Paul, Bristol

6 Dermot Street, St Paul, Bristol (1891)

Alfred WILLIAMS aged 38 Carpenter born Newport, Monmouthshire
Mary E. WILLIAMS wife 32 born Bristol
Florence WILLIAMS daughter 13 Scholar born Bristol
Alice WILLIAMS daughter 12 Scholar born Bristol
William WILLIAMS son 10 Scholar born Bristol
Edith WILLIAMS daughter 7 Scholar born Bristol
Sydney WILLIAMS son aged 6 Scholarborn Bristol
Herbert WILLIAMS son aged 4 Scholar born Bristol
Alfred WILLIAMS son aged 1 Scholar born Bristol

12 Southey Street, St Werburgh, Bristol (1901)

Alfred WILLIAMS aged 48 Carpenter & Joiner born Newport, Monmouthshire
Mary WILLIAMS wife aged 43 Tailoress born Bristol
William WILLIAMS son 20 Carpenter & Joiner born Bristol
Maud WILLIAMS daughter 18 Box Maker born Bristol
Sydney WILLIAMS son 16 Pawn Broker's Clerk born Bristol
Herbert WILLIAMS son 14 born Bristol
Alfred WILLIAMS son 11 born Bristol
Lily WILLIAMS daughter 8 born Bristol

Alfred WILLIAMS died of phthsis on 12th November 1901 at 12 Southey Street, Ashley, Bristol. In 1911 his widow Mary was living in Tyne Street in the St Werburgh area of Bristol:

12 Tyne Street, Mina Road, Bristol

Mary Elizabeth WILLIAMS widow aged 53 born St Paul, Bristol
Edith Maud WILLIAMS daughter 27 Boxmaking born St Paul, Bristol
Sidney WILLIAMS son 25 Docker born St Paul, Bristol
Alfred WILLIAMS son 21 Lithographic Printer born St Paul, Bristol
Lily WILLIAMS daughter 19 Boxmaking born St Philips, Bristol
Ada WILLIAMS daughter-in-law 27 Tailoress born Bristol
Evelyn WILLIAMS granddaughter 4 born St Werburgh, Bristol
Edwin POWELL visitor 28 Butler born St John, Bristol

In 1921 Mary was still living at 12 Tyne Street but now the head of the household was her son-in-law William GILLARD:

William Henry GILLARD aged 29 years 7 months Railway Engine Driver (Great Western Railway Company, Bath Road Loco) born Kingsbury Episcopi, Somerset
Lily Cordelia GILLARD wife 29 years 2 months Home Duties born Ashley Vale, Bristol
Violet May GILLARD daughter 6 years 1 month born St Werburgh, Bristol
Mary Elizabeth WILLIAMS mother-in-law widow 64 years 7 months Laundry (At Home) born St Paul, Bristol

Mary WILLIAMS (nee ANDREWS) outlived her husband by over 28 years, dying on 27th August 1930 at 12 Tyne Street.

Elizabeth Annie Florence WILLIAMS (b. 1877) married Thomas Cornelius WOODLAND on 4th December 1898 in St Werburgh, Bristol. Thomas was born on 3rd May 1876 and was the son of Cornelius Thomas WOODLAND and Hannah LEWIS. Elizabeth and Thomas had at least nine children together, all born in Bristol - Florence Gladys, born c. 1900; Alfred Cornelius, born 11th January 1901; Dorothy, born 10th March 1903, died 7th April 1904; May Lilian, born 6th November 1904; Ellen Louisa, born 8th June 1907; Sidney Thomas, born 16th February 1909; Edith Alice, born 22nd June 1911; Daisy Ivy, born 22nd May 1915, and Phyllis, born 20th December 1918. This is how the family appears in the 1901, 1911 and 1921 censuses:

Thomas WOODLAND aged 24 Chaff Cutting born Bristol
Florence WOODLAND wife 23 born Bristol
Gladys WOODLAND daughter 1 born Bristol
Cornelius WOODLAND son 2 months born Bristol

Thomas WOODLAND aged 35 Chaff Cutter born Bristol
Florence WOODLAND wife 34 In Corn Stores born Bristol
Gladys WOODLAND daughter 11 Scholar born Bristol
Alfred WOODLAND son 10 11 Scholar born Bristol
May WOODLAND daughter 6 11 Scholar born Bristol
Nellie WOODLAND daughter 3 born Bristol
Sidney WOODLAND son 2 born Bristol

Thomas WOODLAND aged 45 years 1 month Checker at Docks (Bristol Docks) born Bristol
Florence WOODLAND wife 44 years 11 months Home Duties born Bristol
Alfred WOODLAND son 20 years 5 months Haulier (Out of Work) born Bristol
Lilian WOODLAND daughter 16 years 6 months Flour Packer (Victoria Flour Co., Portland Square) born Bristol
Ellen WOODLAND daughter 14 years Scholar (Whole Time) born Bristol
Sidney WOODLAND son 12 years 4 months Scholar (Whole Time) born Bristol
Edith WOODLAND daughter 9 years 11 months Scholar (Whole Time) born Bristol
Daisy WOODLAND daughter 6 years Scholar (Whole Time) born Bristol
Phyllis WOODLAND daughter 2 years 5 months born Bristol

Sarah Alice WILLIAMS (b. 1878) was known by her middle name. She began suffering from epilepsy when she was around twelve years old and was eventually admitted to the Bristol Lunatic Asylum in Stapleton on 24th September 1894 when she was 15. Her case book notes that she was "dazed and stupid" after her fits and that she was a danger to others due to her "throwing knives and pokers". She was 4 foot 7 inches tall, weighed 77 lbs and had dark brown hair and dark brown eyes. Alice's case book provides the following description of her condition upon admission to the Asylum:

The 1939 Register shows William and Charlotte still living at 36 Mogg Street with William's occupation recorded as 'carpenter and joiner'. William Alfred WILLIAMS died on 5th May 1966 at 100 Fishponds Road, Bristol. This was the old Eastville Workhouse which became an old people's home after World War Two.

Edith Maud WILLIAMS (b. 1883) married Edwin Daniel POWELL in 1911 in Bristol. Edwin was born at 2 Little John Street, Bristol on 25th December 1883 and was the son of Edwin POWELL and Mary RICH. Edwin was living with Edith and her mother at 12 Tyne Street in 1911 (see above census entry). Edith and Edwin had one child together - Edwin Leslie, born 5th June 1912 in Bristol. This is how Edith appears in the 1921 census (her husband may have been serving in the army at the time):

Edith M. POWELL aged 38 years 2 months Home Duties born Bristol
Edwin L. POWELL son 9 years Scholar (Whole Time) born Bristol

The 1939 Register shows Edith and Edwin still livung at 15 Mogg Street with Edwin's occupation recorded as 'timekeeper, Bristol Aeroplane'.

Sydney Edward Cavall WILLIAMS (b. 1885) joined the Royal Navy and served as a Boy 2nd Class aboard HMS Impregnable from 11th January to 20th January 1902 and then aboard HMS Lion from 21st January to 10th March 1902. These were both training ships based at Devonport. However either he or a family member then bought his discharge by purchase and he left the Navy. In 1911 Sydney was living with his widowed mother in Tyne Street and working as a docker. He married Elizabeth GREENAWAY in 1913. Elizabeth was born on 27th June 1882 in St George, Bristol. This is how Sydney and Elizabeth appear in the 1921 census:

Sidney WILLIAMS aged 36 years 1 month Coal Porter (R. & J.H. Rea Coal Transporters, Avonmouth Docks) born St Paul, Bristol
Elizabeth WILLIAMS wife 39 years born St George, Bristol

Sydney and Elizabeth don't appear to have had any children. The 1939 Register shows them still living in Dundridge Lane with Sydney's occupation recorded as 'coal porter'. Sydney died on 12th June 1972 at Manor Park Hospital, Bristol.

Alfred Andrews WILLIAMS (b. 1889) later referred to himself as Alfred Andrew WILLIAMS. He married Ellen HELPS on 4th April 1915 in St Matthew, Moorfields, Bristol. Ellen was born on 6th September 1889 in Easton, Bristol and was the daughter of Richard Warwick HELPS and Caroline Clotilda STOWELL. Ellen had previously had an illegitimate child - Ivy Hardwick HELPS, born 22nd December 1905 at 41 Stephen Street, St George, Bristol. Ivy's second name suggests that her father's surname was HARDWICK and that she was not Alfred's daughter, however it appears that Alfred adopted her as she was the informant on his death certificate and described herself as his 'daughter'. Whether she was officially adopted by Alfred is not known. This is how Alfred and Ellen appear in the 1921 census:

Alfred WILLIAMS aged 31 years 9 month Printer (Compositor) (Messrs. Lavars & Co. Ltd. Printers, 51 Broad Street) born Bristol
Ellen WILLIAMS wife 30 years 9 months Tailoress (Trouser Hand) (Dickie, Parsons & Co. Clothing Manufacturers, Lawrence Hill) born Bristol
Ivy HELPS stepdaughter 12 years 6 month Scholar (Whole Time) born Bristol

It appears that Alfred and Ellen had no children together. The 1939 Register shows them still living at 85 Devon Road with Alfred's occupation recorded as 'lithographic printer & transfer machinist'. Alfred WILLIAMS died on 9th February 1976 at Manor Park Hospital, Bristol. Ellen WILLIAMS (nee HELPS) died in Bristol in the same year.

Lily Cordelia WILLIAMS (b. 1892) married William Henry GILLARD on 15th November 1914 in St Werburgh, Bristol. William was born on 27th October 1891 in Kingsbury Episcopi, Somerset and was the daughter of William Thomas GILLARD and Jane MALE. Lily and William had three children together, all born in Bristol - Violet May, born 10th May 1915; Eileen Grace, born 13th September 1923, and William Thomas, born 16th January 1925. The 1939 Register shows Lily and William living at 12 Tyne Street with William's occupation recorded as 'railway engine driver'. William Henry GILLARD died in Bristol on 1st December 1965 and Lily died in Bristol in 1968.

Herbert Edgar WILLIAMS was born on 17th March 1887 at 5 James Street, St Philip & Jacob, Bristol and was the youngest son of Alfred WILLIAMS and Mary Elizabeth ANDREWS. Herbert married Ada Emily NECK on 16th March 1909 in St Agnes, Bristol. Ada was born on 17th May 1884 at 11 Philadelphia Street, St Paul, Bristol and was the daughter of John Edward NECK and Ann PANES. Both Ada and Herbert were living at 10 Lake Street off Newfoundland Road in St Paul, Bristol at the time of their marriage.

Herbert and Ada had five children together, all born in Bristol. The eldest, Eveline Ada, was born on 14th June 1907 while her father was in the navy, and before Herbert and Ada married. She was born at 34 Tyne Street, Mina Road, the home of her grandparents John and Ann NECK. The other children were Lilian Florence, born 9th April 1915 at 12 Tyne Street; Ethel Florence May, born 29th May 1921 at 29 Tyne Street; Dorothy Irene, born 17th April 1924 at 29 Tyne Street, and Audrey Joyce, born 11th September 1926 at 29 Tyne Street.

Herbert WILLIAMS served as a stoker in the Royal Navy. Apparently he suffered from rheumatic fever when he was young and it was thought the sea air would do him good! He was assigned to HMS Vivid, the Royal Naval Barracks at Devonport (now HMS Drake) on 9th February 1906, aged 18. His occupation at the time was given as 'sawyer', though this was later amended on his service certificate to 'carter'. His service record shows that he was 5ft 7 1/8 with brown hair, hazel eyes and a fresh complexion. Herbert served as a Second Class Stoker aboard HMS Hogue from 7th May 1906 to 18th January 1907, HMS Essex from 19th January to 1st March 1907 and HMS Aboukir from 2nd March to 17th March 1907. He was promoted to First Class Stoker on 18th July 1907 while aboard the Aboukir where he remained until 8th March 1909.

On 27th April 1909 Herbert joined HMS Medea and became Acting Leading Stoker on 23rd December 1910 while serving aboard this ship. The 1911 census shows Herbert as Acting Leading Stoker aboard HMS Medea stationed in Malta Harbour. His wife Ada was living with her mother-in-law Mary Elizabeth WILLIAMS in Tyne Street, St Werburgh (see above census entry). Herbert left the Medea on 15th May 1911 and was assigned to HMS Indus, a mechanics' training establishment based at Devonport, on 17th June. He was confirmed as a Leading Stoker while at Indus and went on to serve at this rating aboard HMS Active from 30th December 1911. On 28th September 1911 Herbert passed educationally for the rank of Stoker Petty Officer, subsequently completing an 8-month mechanics training course. He was promoted to Stoker Petty Officer on 10th February 1913 while aboard the Active and held this rank for the remainder of his time in the Royal Navy.

Herbert left HMS Active on 5th April 1913 and two days later her joined HMS Wolf, a B-class torpedo boat destroyer which was part of the Seventh Destroyer Flotilla based at Devonport. He was serving aboard this ship at the outbreak of the First World War. He was transferred back to HMS Vivid on 1st October 1914 and remained there until 6th December at which point, according to his service record, he was assigned to HMS Iron Duke, the flagship of the Grand Fleet under Admiral Sir John JELLICOE, where he remained until 8th May 1916. However on his daughter Lilian's birth certificate, dated 3rd May 1915, his occupation was shown as a stoker aboard HMS Oak. The Oak was an Acheron-class destroyer which was attached to the Iron Duke throughout the First World War, her great speed earning her the role of being a dispatch vessel for the Grand Fleet. It isn't known whether Herbert was based on the Oak throughout this period or if he also served on the Iron Duke itself. A little over three weeks after Herbert was transferred back to Devonport the Grand Fleet went into battle at Jutland.

Herbert spent just under four months at Vivid before being assigned to HMS Sandhurst on 31st August 1916. The Sandhurst was originally the merchant vessel Manipur and served as a depot ship for the Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands from 1916 to 1918. Herbert served aboard the Sandhurst for nearly two years before being transferred back to Vivid on 27th July 1918. He was then assigned to HMS Tamarisk on 20th August 1918. The Tamarisk was an Aubrietia-class sloop also based at Scapa Flow and served as a convoy escort in the North Sea. For some reason Herbert returned to Devonport just a few days later, on 24th August, before returning to the Tamarisk on 16th October where he remained until being demobilised.

Herbert passed for Chief Stoker on 15th April 1917, though never held this rank aboard ship, and passed for Engine Store Keeper on 15th February 1918. He was demobilised to shore on 13th February 1919, having been in the Navy for 13 years. On his service certificate his conduct was described as 'very good' on all the ships he served aboard, while his professional assessment was either 'very good' or 'superior' on every ship except the Iron Duke, where it was only 'satisfactory'.

After leaving the Navy, Herbert worked as a coal wagon loader for the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, working at a coal yard on Barrow Road in Barton Hill. He borrowed money from the landlord of the Full Moon in Treefield Road, where he would go for a drink, in order to buy 29 Tyne Street in St Werburgh. The subsequent repayments meant that the family remained poor. This is how they appear in the 1921 census:

Herbert Edgar WILLIAMS aged 34 years 3 months Coalman (Midland Railway Company, Barrow Lane Loco Department) born Bristol
Ada Emily WILLIAMS wife 37 years 1 month born Bristol
Eveline Ada WILLIAMS daughter 14 years Scholar (Whole Time) born Bristol
Ethel Florence May WILLIAMS daughter 1 month

The 1939 Register shows Herbert and Ada still living at 29 Tyne Street with Herbert's occupation recorded as 'L. M. & S. coal operator'. Herbert had an allotment in Gadshill Road in Eastville and he also kept pigeons, canaries and budgerigars. He died on 2nd August 1952 at 29 Tyne Street, St Werburgh, Bristol, aged only 65. His widow Ada Emily (nee NECK) died on 22nd May 1970 in Manor Park Hospital, Bristol.

Eveline Ada WILLIAMS (b. 1906) married Albert Joseph TOY, son of Edwin Henry TOY and Emily Lucy ROSE. She died on 10th June 1986. Lilian Florence WILLIAMS (b. 1915) sadly died on 9th March 1917 at 29 Tyne Street aged just 23 months. Ethel Florence May WILLIAMS (b. 1921) married Arthur CHIPPETT on 11th April 1942 in Bristol. Dorothy Irene WILLIAMS (b. 1924) married Cyril Herbert Leslie LAVER, son of Cyril Albert Edward LAVER and Edith Nellie TOY, on 17th April 1943 in St Werburgh, Bristol. Audrey Joyce WILLIAMS (b. 1926) married Leslie NEWTON on 31st July 1948 in Bristol.

Broadmead, Bristol

Richard ANDREWS aged 55 Saddler Born in County
Mary ANDREWS aged 55 Born in County
Sarah ANDREWS aged 25 Born in County
John ANDREWS aged 15 Born in County
Martha ANDREWS aged 15 Born in County
Emma ANDREWS aged 15 Born in County

On 29th March 1845 the following advertisement appeared in the Bristol Mercury, perhaps suggesting that Richard's business was quite prosperous: "REMOVAL. Richard Andrews begs to tender his sincere thanks to his Friends and the Public for the liberal patronage he has received, for upwards of Forty years, as SADDLER, COLLAR & HARNESS MAKER, and PATENT LEATHER-HOSE Manufacturer, and begs to inform them that he HAS REMOVED to no. 57, nearly opposite, 18 Broadmead. NB Repairing executed with neatness and despatch."

However just over a year later Richard's business at 57 Broadmead was caught up in a serious fire, as reported in the Bristol Mercury on 26th September 1846: "Alarming Fires. Bristol has been this week visited by no less than three fires – two of them serious, and all threatening – within the short space of two days. The first broke out about one o'clock on Sunday morning, on the premises of Mr. Leach, cabinet-maker, and which were situated in a lane running out from Broadmead, into which street the front of the dwelling, in the occupation of Mr. Naish, furniture-broker, looked. Abutting upon and adjoining Leach's workshops was the extensive stabling of Mr. Bland; and the house in front was flanked on one side by the shop and premises of Mr. Hayman, tailor, and on the other by the premises of Mr. Andrews, saddler, and the Mechanics' Institution. The buildings being very old and the materials combustible, the fire spread with fearful violence, and it soon became evident that the buildings in which it originated could not be preserved, and the attention of the firemen and others was directed to those adjoining, and which were ultimately saved, though there was a sad and unnecessary destruction of property, clocks, tables, chairs, and beds being flung from the windows by parties, who, we presume, thought they were doing good at the time.

"It is, we conceive, quite a mistake to order the police to give an alarm of fire, in all the quarters of the city, the only result being the bringing together a large mob of people, to keep back whom requires the energies of the force, which would be much better exerted in putting out the fire, and saving life and property. If it be said that the object is to give notice to parties not living on the premises which have caught fire, or which may be endangered, then we say, that notice may be easily and speedily sent them without alarming the whole city. We believe we speak the opinions of those who have the superintendence of the police force, when we say that the present plan, without answering any one good purpose, goes to cramp and defeat their efforts in a great measure. To return, however, to our narrative – About two o’clock the flames were at their height, and the spectacle at this time was very grand. Towards morning the fire was got under, but not until the premises of Mr. Leach and Mr. Naish were all destroyed, and the whole building, from front to rear, completely gutted, leaving only the blackened walls standing. By the exertions of Mr. Williams, director of the Norwich Union engine, the police, and firemen, the valuable horses belonging to Mr. Bland were got out safe. The exertions of Capt. Fisher, and the value of the tire-escape, we have heard generally commended. The amount of damage has not yet been ascertained, but we have heard that part of the property was insured in the Norwich."

The following notice appeared in the same edition of the Mercury: "The late fire in Broadmead. No. 57 Broadmead. Richard Andrews. Returns thanks to the Persons who rendered him assistance at the late calamitous Fire, especially to Mr. Williams, Superindendent of the Norwich Union, to whose prudent and determined measures, assisted by the united exertions of the Imperial, West of England, and Sun Office Agents, he attributes the preservation of his stock; also to Mr. Superintendent Fisher, and the Police Force in general, as well as his Neighbours and Friends, for their efficient services. 24th Sept. 1846."

The references to the "Norwich Union engine" relate to the fact that, in common with many companies providing insurance against fire loss, the Norwich Union operated its own fire brigades to protect its policyholders whose buildings were identified by fire insurance marks. An example of a Norwich Union fire insurance mark can be seen here. The fire may be the reason why by 1849 Richard had moved again, this time to 22 Broadmead, and he was at this address in 1851:

22 Broadmead, St James, Bristol

Richard ANDREWS aged 65 Saddler born Bristol
Mary ANDREWS wife 65 born Exeter, Devon
Martha ANDREWS daughter 38 born St James, Bristol
Emma ANDREWS daughter 26 born St James, Bristol

The Bristol poll books show that Richard voted in the 1841, 1847 and 1852 general elections; in all three years he voted for the Whig politician, Francis Henry Fitzhardinge BERKELEY, who represented Bristol as M.P. for thirty-three years from 1837 until his death in 1870. In the 1852 election Richard also cast a vote for William Henry GORE-LANGTON, who was also a Whig and who served alongside BERKELEY as M.P. for Bristol from 1852 to 1865.

Mary ANDREWS (nee SOUTHCOTT) died on 21st July 1859 at 22 Broadmead and her widowed husband Richard died later that same year on 29th October at the same address. Their deaths were both reported in the Bristol Mercury, again suggesting that they had some standing in the local community. After Richard's death, the saddle-making business in Broadmead was taken over by his son John.

Mary Ann ANDREWS (b. 1809) married John WEBB on 21st February 1830 in St Mary-le-Port, Bristol. John was born in Kingsdown, Bristol in about 1809. John and Mary had at least ten children together, all born in Bristol: Mary Ann, born 11th December 1830; John Joseph, born 27th May 1833; Joseph Elias, born 28th January 1835; Elizabeth, born 21st November 1836; William, born c. 1838; Edward William, born 28th February 1841, died c. 1841; Emma, born 8th November 1842; Joseph Edward, born 21st October 1844; Sarah Theresa, born 26th December 1846, and George Henry, born 12th December 1851. John was a Roman Catholic and most of the children were baptised in the Catholic chapel dedicated to St Joseph in Trenchard Street. This is how the family appears in 1841:

John WEBB aged 31 Carpenter Born in County
Mary WEBB aged 31 Born in County
John WEBB aged 8 Born in County
Elizabeth WEBB aged 4 Born in County
William WEBB aged 2 Born in County

Mary has not yet been found in the 1851 census, though a Mary WEBB aged 36 was working as a servant in St Andrews, Bristol. This is how her husband appears in 1851:

John WEBB aged 41 Jobbing Carpenter born Kingsdown, Bristol
Elizabeth WEBB daughter 13 born Bristol
William WEBB son 12 born St Pauls, Bristol
Emma WEBB daughter 8 Scholar born St Pauls, Bristol
Joseph WEBB son 6 Scholar born St Pauls, Bristol
Sarah WEBB daughter 4 Scholar born St Paus, Bristol

The family moved to London in the 1850s and it was here that John WEBB died on 1st July 1858. Mary subsequently married Henry MOODY on 27th February 1859 in St James, Paddington, London. Henry was born Wallingford, Berkshire in around 1822 and was the son of John MOODY. This is how Henry and Mary appear in the 1861, 1871 and 1881 censuses:

Henry MOODY aged 38 Carter born Wallingford, Berkshire
Mary MOODY wife 52 Laundress born Bristol, Somerset
Joseph WEBB son 16 Wagon Builder born Bristol, Somerset
George H. WEBB son 9 Scholar born Bristol, Somerset
Sarah A. MOODY daughter 15 born Wallingford, Berkshire

Henry MOODY aged 49 Labourer born Wallington, Berkshire
Mary MOODY wife 61 born Bristol, Somerset
George WEBB stepson 19 Carpenter born Bristol, Somerset
John WEBB stepson 16 Errand Boy born St Pancras, Middlesex

Henry MOODY aged 59 Labourer (Unemployed) born Wallingford, Berkshire
Mary MOODY wife 71 born Bristol

Henry MOODY died in the 1880s and in 1891 the widowed Mary was living with her son George:

George H. WEBB aged 39 Carpenter born Bristol, Gloucestershire
Lydia WEBB wife 42 born Wilsdon, London
Edie WEBB daughter 14 born Kensington, London
Andrew WEBB son 10 born Kensington, London
William WEBB son 8 born Kensington, London
Mary MOODY mother widow 82 Kept by Son born Bristol, Gloucestershire

Sarah Ann ANDREWS (b. 1811) married William MORGAN on 27th April 1843 in St Paul, Brstol. William was born in Henbury, Gloucestershire in about 1774 and was the son of William MORGAN and Grace PRITCHARD. Sarah and William had at least one child together - Sarah Andrews MORGAN, born 27th May 1844 at 18 Broadmead, St James, Bristol. This is how the family appears in 1851:

Henbury, Gloucestershire

William MORGAN aged 76 Farmer born Henbury
Sarah MORGAN wife 40 born Bristol
Sarah MORGAN daughter 7 Scholar born Henbury

William MORGAN died on 27th July 1860 in Henbury. This is how his widow Sarah appears in the 1861 and 1871 censuses:

Sarah A. MORGAN widow 49 Laundress born St Paul, Bristol
William T. BRITTAN boarder 4 born St Paul, Bristol

Frederick DYER head 56 Agricultural Labourer born Henbury, Gloucestershire
Elizabeth DYER wife 45 born Cromwell, Gloucestershire
Mary DYER daughter 22 born Henbury, Gloucestershire
Thomas DYER son 20 Carpenter born Henbury, Gloucestershire
Sarah DYER daughter 9 Scholar born Henbury, Gloucestershire
Sarah A. MORGAN lodger 59 Laundress born St James, Bristol

Frederick BRITTON aged 31 Gardener born Hallen, Gloucestershire
Sarah BRITTON wife 36 born Bristol
William F. BRITTON son 6 Scholar born Hallen, Gloucestershire
Charles H. BRITTON son 5 Scholar born Hallen, Gloucestershire
Ella C. BRITTON daughter 2 born Hallen, Gloucestershire
Sidney F. BRITTON son 5 months born Hallen, Gloucestershire
Sarah A. MORGAN mother-in-law widow 69 born Bristol

Sarah Ann MORGAN (nee ANDREWS) died in about 1887 and was buried in Henbury on 14th August.

Eliza ANDREWS (b. 1813) married James BRAIN on 28th July 1835 in St Mary-le-Port, Bristol. James was born in Bristol in about 1813. It appears that James and Eliza did not have any children. This is how they appear in the 1841, 1851 and 1861 censuses:

James BRAIN aged 25 Coach Painter Not Born in County
Eliza BRAIN aged 25 Not Born in County

James BRAIN aged 37 Herald Painter born Bristol, Somerset
Eliza BRAIN wife 37 born Bristol, Somerset
John WEBB nephew 18 Carpenter born Bristol, England

James BRAIN aged 47 Coach Writer born Bristol, Gloucestershire
Eliza BRAIN wife 47 born Bristol, Gloucestershire

William James ANDREWS (b. 1817) enlisted in the British Army in Bristol on 3rd May 1838. He served in India for over 23 years in the 4th, 84th and finally the 66th Regiments of Foot and took part in the suppression of the Indian Mutiny of 1857-58. William was part of the force commanded by Sir Major General Henry HAVELOCK which attempted to relieve the city of Lucknow in September 1857. The city had been under siege from Indian rebels since 30th June when some 3,000 soliders and civilians, including hundreds of women and children, had taken refuge in the Residency, the political offices of the British Indian regime in the city. The relief force finally reached the Residency on 25th September 1857, but they had incurred such heavy losses that it was impossible to remove all the sick and wounded from the city. As a result, HAVELOCK's relief force found themselves trapped in the besieged Residency.

Over the days that followed conditions in the Residency became increasingly more desperate, as described in the diary of Captain John Blick SPURGIN of the 1st Madras Fusiliers: : "Instead of affording any great relief to this unfortunate garrison of Lucknow, as I am writing one week after our entrance, we are almost as badly off as the garrison: cut off from our baggage; no comminication with Cawnpore, and with few supplies left; daily fighting, daily loss ... We are now living in a part of the Palace of the Lucknow, but such a scene of filth, mixed up with costly things, it is impossible to imagine. The finest china of the latest pattern from Bond-street, or some other fashionable tradespeople, used by the soldiers of the force, cookboys, or any one. Cookboys sitting on damask stools cooking the men's dinners; shawls and ornaments all kicking about ... and all this mixed up with dead bodies of sepoys, horses, camels, until the stench is so great we can scarcely sit - and no one to move all this filth. The men are all fighting, clearing the town, and the natives, with their abominable caste, refusing to touch a thing ... The poor ladies expected to have left for Cawnpore immediately after our arrival, and that was the intention; but now it is as much as we can do to guard them here ... they were all in daily fear of being blown up by these wretched rebels, who have mined underneath the garrison in all directions. There seems to be no help for it now but patience, and to wait for the Englush reinforcements. Our force is so small nothing more can really be done" (British Banner, 21st January 1858).

Diseases such as scurvy and cholera were rife, and constant enemy artillery attacks led to an increasing number of casualties. The relief force had put considerable strain on food supplies within the Residency and rations were repeatedly reduced, as touched upon in the diary of Lady Julia INGLIS: "24th October - Our rations were to be again reduced. It was a very wearying prospect, and at times made one feel very heart-sick; but if we felt this, what must the sick and wounded have done, who were positively dying for want of fresh air and common comforts!"

The second siege finally ended on 17th November when a relief force commanded by Lieutenant-General Sir Colin CAMPBELL reached the Residency. William ANDREWS then took part in CAMPBELL's subsequent operations which led to the surrender of Lucknow and the clearing of the surrounding areas. William was awarded the Indian Mutiny Medal with clasps for the Defence of Lucknow, which he received for being part HAVELOCK's relief force, and for Lucknow, which was awarded to troops under CAMPBELL's command during final operations in the area.

Indian Mutiny Medal
(click image to view)

William was discharged on 30th November 1861 in Cannanore, India (modern day Kannur). His discharge papers show that he was awarded five good conduct badges and also a silver medal with a gratuity of five pounds for long service and good conduct. His medical report stated that "Private W. J. Andrews suffers from chronic rheumatism; he is worn out from length of service. The disability has not been aggravated by vice or misconduct".

William married an Indo-British lady called Johanna Frederica FORBES on 5th March 1844 in St John, Secunderabad, India. Johanna was born on 23rd November 1823 in Secunderabad and was the daughter of John FORBES, a merchant, and his wife Sophia. William and Johanna had at least three children together – Samuel Richard, born 9th May 1854 in Trichinopoly (modern Tiruchirappalli), died 24th January 1855; John Ephraim Thomas, born 31st December 1860 in Cannanore, and Mary Emma, born 10th September 1864 in Negapatam (Nagapattinam). After leaving the army William worked as a workshop fireman for the Great Southern of India Railway. He died aged just 51 on 21st February 1869 in Negapatam and was buried the following day. His widow Johanna outlived him by over 30 years; she died on 4th December 1905 in Madras.

Richard ANDREWS was baptised on 12th October 1817 in St James, Bristol and was the son of Richard ANDREWS and Mary SOUTHCOTT. He married Martha Chambers BALL on 1st January 1839 in St John the Baptist, Bristol. Martha was born in Bristol in about 1817 and was the daughter of John BALL and Sarah CHAMBERS. Richard and Martha had at least three children together, all born in Bristol - Richard, born 6th July 1848 at 23 Broadmead, St James; Emma Martha, born 24th August 1850 at 24 Broadmead, and George Jones ANDREWS, baptised 14th January 1855 in St Philip & Jacob. Richard followed in his father's footsteps and became a saddler and harness maker, as seen here in the 1841, 1851, 1861, 1871, 1881 and 1891 censuses:

Newfoundland Lane, St Paul, Bristol (1841)

Richard ANDREWS aged 25 Harness Maker Born in County
Martha ANDREWS aged 20 Born in County

Great George Street, St Philip & Jacob, Bristol (1851)

Richard ANDREWS aged 37 Harness Maker born Bristol
Martha ANDREWS wife 36 born Bristol
Richard ANDREWS son 2 born Bristol
Emily ANDREWS daughter 8 months born Bristol
Mary Ann BALL widow lodger 50 Hawker born Bristol
Emily BALL 15 Shoe Binder born London

16 Redcross Street, St Philip & Jacob, Bristol (1861)

Richard ANDREWS aged 44 Saddler born St Philips, Bristol
Martha ANDREWS wife 42 Keeps a Coal Shop born Westbury, Gloucestershire
Richard ANDREWS son 12 Costamonger born Westbury, Gloucestershire
Emma ANDREWS daughter 10 Scholar born Westbury, Gloucestershire
George ANDREWS son 6 Scholar born Westbury, Gloucestershire

3 Little Ann Road, St Philip & Jacob, Bristol (1871)

Richard ANDREWS aged 56 Hawker born Bristol
Martha ANDREWS wife 53 born Bristol

11 Callowhill Street, St Paul, Bristol (1881)

Richard ANDREWS aged 60 Labourer born Bristol
Martha ANDREWS wife 60 born Bristol

Martha ANDREWS (nee BALL) died in 1888, and in 1891 the widowed Richard was still living in Callowhill Street:

34 Callowhill Street, St Paul, Bristol (1891)

Richard ANDREWS widower aged 80 Saddler born St James, Bristol

Richard ANDREWS died on 15th January 1899 at 60 Victoria Street, St Philip & Jacob, Bristol.

Richard ANDREWS (b. 1848) and his brother George were involved in a fatal fight which was reported on at length in the Bristol Mercury on 22nd August 1874. In an inquest held by the Bristol City Coroner, witnesses described how Richard and George had quarreled with Robert POWELL, a hawker of fish known as "the mussel man", while attending the Bath Regatta. One witness described how POWELL was arguing with his fiancée Eliza GIBBONS and Richard intervened, resulting in a fight. However it was clear that there was already bad blood between the two men. When POWELL's fiancée and another female companion attempted to stop the fight, George allegedly said, "Leave them alone, or I’ll knock your two eyes into one!" The two men were eventually separated by police but later encountered each other at the railway station where Richard said, "I’ll pay you when we get into Bristol." However POWELL managed to evade the ANDREWS brothers on arrival in Bristol by using back streets to get home.

On 6th August 1874 George ANDREWS met POWELL in Bristol's Old Market where POWELL allegedly struck George without provocation, causing George's nose to bleed. George then went to find Richard who asked what was wrong, to which George replied, "The mussel chap hit me in the nose for nothing." Richard said, "I’ll go down and see what he did it for," and they went to find POWELL. They found POWELL near Castle Ditch and when POWELL saw them he went into a shop where he left his hat, coat and basket and then came out to meet the brothers, tucking up his sleeves as he did so. He said to Richard, "Let’s have a fair fight." Richard and POWELL began to fight and they both fell, with POWELL underneath, and POWELL's head struck the iron kerb. Richard got up, and George allegedly struck POWELL on his head saying "Take that!" POWELL was given some water and helped to his feet. His basket and coat were returned to him and he set off, but immediately fell back down on to the pavement. He was taken to a public house where he had a glass of ginger beer, and then taken home. He complained to his fiancée about his injuries, saying that he "suffered greatly from pains in the head and ribs." His condition deteriorated over the following few days, with his fiancée describing how "he was always sick after his meals, and was very much like a drunken man, he was so exceedingly giddy." POWELL eventually succumbed to his injuries, with district medical officer Robert FENDICK saying the cause of death was suppuration of the membranes of the brain. The inquest jury returned a verdict of manslaughter against George and Richard ANDREWS. The article reported that: "Both prisoners during the whole of the hearing were frequently shedding tears."

The two accused men appeared before the magistrates where only Richard was sent for trial, with George being discharged. The Bristol Mercury of 10th April 1875 reported on Richard's trial. The events of the 6th August were once again described, with one witness noting that POWELL's second fall to the pavement "was a much heavier one than the first" and that "the crash might have been heard twenty yards off." Mr. FENDICK said it was not clear whether death was caused by the first or second fall, and as a result the judge directed the jury to return a verdict of not guilty. Whether Richard was convicted with any lesser offences is not known.

Richard married Mary Ann SAUNDERS on 7th December 1874 in St Philip & Jacob, Bristol. Mary was born in Bristol in about 1852 and was the daughter George SAUNDERS. Richard and Mary had at least ten children together, all born in Bristol - Mary Ann, born 26th January 1876; Caroline, born 18th February 1878 at 4 Union Court, Union Road, St Philip & Jacob, died c. 1879; George Richard, born 20th November 1879, died c. 1880; Emma, born 25th June 1881; Henry Richard, born 16th May 1883; Sarah Ann, born 6th April 1885; George Chamber, born 16th May 1887; Caroline, born 4th April 1889; William, born 13th May 1891, and Charlotte, born c. 1893. This is how the family appears in the 1881, 1891, 1901 and 1911 censuses (in 1911 all of Richard and Mary Ann's surviving children are listed, even those who had left home):

Richard ANDREWS aged 33 Hawker born Bristol
Mary Ann ANDREWS wife 28 born Bristol
Mary Ann ANDREWS daughter 6 born Bristol

Richard ANDREWS aged 43 Pedler born St Philips, Bristol
Mary A. ANDREWS wife 37 born St Philips, Bristol
Mary A. ANDREWS daughter 15 born St Paul, Bristol
Emily ANDREWS daughter 10 born St Philips, Bristol
Richard ANDREWS son 8 born St Paul, Bristol
Sarah Ann ANDREWS daughter 6 born St Philips, Bristol
George ANDREWS son 4 born St Jude, Bristol
Caroline ANDREWS daughter 2 born St Jude, Bristol

Richard ANDREWS aged 53 Hawker born Bristol
Mary A. ANDREWS wife 48 born Bristol
Emily ANDREWS daughter 19 Cotton Spinner born Bristol
Richard ANDREWS son 17 Labourer in Factory born Bristol
Sarah ANDREWS daughter 16 Factory Girl born Bristol
George ANDREWS son 13 Nail Maker born Bristol
William ANDREWS son 10 born Bristol
Charlotte ANDREWS daughter 7 born Bristol

10 Blackswarth Road, Redfield, Bristol (1911)

Richard ANDREWS aged 63 Hawker born St Philip & Jacob, Bristol
Mary Ann ANDREWS wife 58 born St Jude, Bristol
Caroline ANDREWS daughter 22 Bag Maker born St Jude, Bristol, England
Lottie ANDREWS daughter 18 Boot Machinist born St Symon, Bristol
William ANDREWS son 20 Bucket Maker at Iron Works born St Jude, Bristol
Richard ANDREWS son 28 Lamp Trimmer (Royal Marines) born St Paul, Bristol
George ANDREWS son 24 Iron Pickler at Iron Works born St Jude, Bristol
Crissie BROKENBROW daughter 26 Cigar Maker born St Philips Marsh, Bristol
Emily MOORE daughter 30 Boot Machinist born St Philips Marsh, Bristol
Mary Ann HOWE daughter 36 Boot Machinist born St Philips Marsh, Bristol

Mary Ann ANDREWS (nee SAUNDERS) died on 19th April 1924 at 10 Blackswarth Road, Redfield, Bristol.

Emma ANDREWS (b. 1850) married John KELLY on 9th January 1871 in St Philip & Jacob, Bristol. John was born in Wellington, Somerset in about 1852 and was the son of William KELLY and Grace HOLWAY. John and Emma had at least twelve children together, all born in Bristol - Emily Alice, born 20th October 1871 at 34 Victoria Terrace, St Philips; John Richard, born 23rd April 1873; Alfred George, born 9th July 1875; William James, born 30th September 1876; Martha Chamber, born 10th May 1879; Robert, born 8th October 1881; Charlotte Ann, born 11th October 1883; Hannah, born 19th August 1885; Mary Lucy, born 6th May 1887 in Meriton Street, St Philips Marsh; George Henry, born 5th October 1893, died c. 1894; Grace, born 20th May 1895, and George Flower, born 17th March 1898. This is how John and Emma appear in the 1871, 1881 and 1891 censuses:

John KELLY aged 19 Labourer born Wellington, Somerset
Emily KELLY wife 20 Cotton Worker born Bristol

John KELLY aged 30 Labourer in Gas Works born Wellington, Somerset
Emma KELLY wife 32 born Bristol
Emily KELLY daughter 9 Scholar born Bristol
John KELLY son 7 Scholar born Bristol
Alfred KELLY son 5 Scholar born Bristol
William KELLY son 4 born Bristol
Martha KELLY daughter 1 born Bristol

John KELLY aged 38 Brick Labourer born Wellington, Somerset
Emma KELLY wife 41 born Bristol
Emma KELLY daughter 19 Pottery Hand born Bristol
John KELLY son 17 Brick Labourer born Bristol
Alfred KELLY son 15 Brick Labourer born Bristol
William KELLY son 14 Foundry Labourer born Bristol
Martha KELLY daughter 11 Scholar born Bristol
Robert KELLY son 8 Scholar born Bristol
Charlotte KELLY daughter 10 Scholar born Bristol
Hannah KELLY daughter 6 Scholar born Bristol
Mary KELLY daughter 4 Scholar born Bristol

Emily KELLY aged 50 Grocer & Shop Keeper born Bristol
Alfred KELLY son 25 Greengrocer (Hawker) born Bristol
Charlotte KELLY daughter 17 Cigar Maker born Bristol
Hannah KELLY daughter 15 Tailoress born Bristol
Mary KELLY daughter 13 Cigar Maker born Bristol
Grace KELLY daughter 5 born Bristol
George KELLY son 3 born Bristol

Edward Matticks ANDREWS was baptised on 26th December 1819 in St James, Bristol and was the son of Richard ANDREWS and Mary SOUTHCOTT. His unusual middle name came from his paternal grandmother, Mary MATTOCKS, and appears in both his baptism record and the will of his younger sister Emma; all other records show him simply as Edward ANDREWS. Edward took the "King's Shilling" and enlisted in the British Army in Newport, Wales on 29th October 1839. He served as a private in the 41st (Welch) Regiment of Foot for over six and a half years and spent several years in India. In 1842 the 41st Regiment was involved in the First Afghan War and was awarded battle honours for Candahar (Kandahar), Ghuznee (Ghazni) and Cabool (Kabul). While there is no evidence to prove that Edward took part in these campaigns, it is highly likely that he was involved. In March 1843 the regiment set sail from India, arriving back in England later that year. After being based for a time in Canterbury and then Wales, the regiment moved to Dublin, Ireland in June 1845, and it was here in the summer of 1846 that Edward paid £20 to discharge himself. This was a considerable sum of money (at that time soldiers were only paid 5 pence per day), and was perhaps prompted by news that the regiment was about to head overseas once more. On his discharge certificate Edward's character was described as "good".

Edward returned to his native Bristol where he followed in his father's footsteps, working as a saddler and harness maker. He married Ann CAVELL on 24th November 1850 in St Philip & Jacob, Bristol. Ann was born in about 1833 in St Paul, Bristol and was the daughter of William CAVELL and Mary REES. This is how Edward and Ann appear in the 1851 census:

5b Barr Street, St Paul, Bristol (1851)

Edward ANDREWS aged 31 Harness Maker born St James, Bristol
Ann ANDREWS wife 18 born St Paul, Bristol

Edward and Ann had at least six children together, the first three all born in Bristol - Edward Thomas, baptised 27th March 1853 in St Philip & Jacob, died 19th April 1853 at 11 Penn Street, St Paul; Sarah Ann, baptised 11th June 1854 in St Philip & Jacob, and Mary Elizabeth, born 30th November 1857 at 14 Rosemary Street, St Paul. At some point after Mary's birth the family moved to Blackwood near Bedwellty in Monmouthshire, Wales, and it was here that their next child, Henrietta, was born on 12th September 1860. It is not known why the family moved, though they could only have lived in Blackwood for a short time as Henrietta was baptised in St Philip & Jacob on 7th October 1860. This is how the family appears in 1861:

6 Picton Street, St James & St Paul, Bristol (1861)

Edward ANDREWS aged 41 Harness & Collar Maker born Bristol
Ann ANDREWS wife 27 born Bristol
Sarah Ann ANDREWS daughter 6 Blind born Bristol
Mary Elizabeth ANDREWS daughter 3 born Bristol
Henrietta ANDREWS daughter 7 months born Black Wood, Monmouth

Henrietta ANDREWS (b. 1860) died on 3rd May 1861 in Picton Street aged just 7 months. Edward and Ann's last two children were both born in Bristol - William Edward, born 25th July 1862, and Florence Rebecca, born 8th October 1868.

While his father had established a successful business and had apparently become a respected member of the community, Edward seems to have been something of a ruffian who did not get on well with his family. Indeed, in his will dated October 1859 Richard ANDREWS gave money to all his surviving children, with the exception of Edward, suggesting that Edward had already by then become the black sheep of the family. Edward appeared twice in local newspaper reports in the 1860s with both accounts portraying him in an unfavourable light.

On 26th October 1861 the following story appeared in the Bristol Mercury: "A Fraternal Feeling Unduly Developed. - Edward Andrews was charged with assaulting Charles Bathe and P.C. 281. At mid-day, Wednesday, the prisoner went to the house of the complainant, who is his brother-in-law, in Stapleton-road, and asked to see the body of his sister, who was lying dead there. As a quarrel had taken place some time before between the parties, the complainant refused to allow him to come in. Upon this the prisoner struck him in the face. P.C. 118 [sic] was passing at the time, and interfered, when he shared a similar fate. In his defence the accused said that he could claim to be respectably connected, being the son of Mr. Andrews, the saddler, in Broadmead. He thought it very hard that he should not be allowed to see the remains of his sister, and said that when his wife went, directly it was known who was at the door it was slammed in her face. As this did not justify the conduct of the accused, he was fined 10s. and costs, or, in default, 14 days' imprisonment, for assaulting the constable, and ordered to find sureties, himself in £10 and some one else in £5, to keep the peace towards the complainant for three months."

A second article relating to Edward appeared in the Western Daily Press on 14th June 1867: "Edward Andrews was charged with neglecting to maintain his wife and two children, whereby they become chargeable to the parish of St. James. Mr Carey, relieving officer, said prisoner, a harness maker, had been tramping about the country for a long time, and that a warrant was issued for his apprehension in September 1865. Sentenced to a month’s imprisonment." The reference to Edward "tramping about the country" might explain why Henrietta was born in Wales. The Bristol Times & Mirror printed on the same day stated that "the wife had had nothing from him for fifteen months; and she had received £14 9s 10d in relief."

In 1871 Edward and his family were living in Ware's Gardens, off Newfoundlane Lane in St Paul, Bristol:

Ware's Gardens, St Paul, Bristol (1871)

Edward ANDREWS aged 52 Harness Maker born Bristol
Ann ANDREWS wife 37 Home Duties born Bristol
Sarah ANDREWS daughter 16 Blind born Bristol
Mary E. ANDREWS daughter 13 Scholar born Bristol
William E. ANDREWS son 8 Scholar born Bristol
Florence R. ANDREWS daughter 2 born Bristol

In 1881 Edward was living with the DAVIS family in Elton Street, Bristol:

6 Elton Street, St James & St Paul Out, Bristol

George DAVIS aged 35 Upholsterer born Bristol
Mary A. DAVIS wife 30 born Bristol
Maud DAVIS daughter 2 born Bristol
Edward ANDREWS widower visitor 62 Saddler & Harness Maker born St James, Bristol

Although Edward is shown as a widower in the 1881 census, it seems that his wife was actually alive and well and living with a cabinet maker named William BAMBER, as seen here:

6 New Thomas Street, St Philip & Jacob, Bristol

William BAMBER aged 47 Cabinet Maker born Bristol
Ann BAMBER wife 47 Tailoress born Bristol
Sarah A. BAMBER daughter 26 Blind born Bristol
William E. BAMBER son 18 Saddler born Bristol
Florence R. BAMBER daughter 14 At Home born Bristol

There is no trace of a marriage record for Ann and William, and the fact that the children are shown with the surname BAMBER is probably an error and does not indicate that they were adopted by William; indeed, the children appear with the surname ANDREWS in later records. Given Edward's history of thuggish behaviour, it can be surmised that Ann left him and went to live with William BAMBER, or perhaps Edward discovered that Ann was having an affair with William and left her.

Ann ANDREWS (nee CAVELL) died of liver disease on 9th March 1886 at 2 Moon Street, St Paul, Bristol, aged only 53. Her husband Edward died just over a month later, on 25th April 1886 at 1 Redfield Buildings, St George, Bristol.

Sarah Ann ANDREWS (b. 1854) is shown as being blind in the 1861, 1871 and 1881 censuses. She died on 17th October 1889 at 5 Elton Street, St Paul, Bristol, aged just 34. The cause of death was erysipelas, a bacterial infection sometimes known as "holy fire" or "St. Anthony's fire". The informant was her sister-in-law Alice ANDREWS.

Mary Elizabeth ANDREWS (b. 1857) married her first cousin Alfred WILLIAMS on 25th December 1875 in St Philip & Jacob, Bristol. Alfred was born on 5th September 1853 in South Market Street, Newport, Monmouthshire, Wales and was the son of Thomas WILLIAMS and Sarah CAVELL. See above for more information about Alfred and Mary.

William Edward ANDREWS (b. 1862) married Alice Amelia WYATT on 14th April 1884 in St George, Brandon Hill, Bristol. Alice was born on 9th October 1866 in Bristol and was the daughter of William WYATT and Christian BALL. William and Alice's three eldest children were Christian Annie, born c. 1885; William Edward, born c. 1886 and Thomas Albert, born c. 1888, all born in Bristol. Tragedy struck in 1891 however, as reported in the Bristol Mercury on 9th January: "Drinking Boiling Water. Yesterday afternoon the city coroner, Mr Wasbrough, held an inquest at the Royal Infirmary, on the body of William Edward Andrews, aged four years, the son of William Edward Andrews, a saddler, living at 24, White street, Pennywell road. From the evidence of the mother, it appeared that on the afternoon of Boxing Day the deceased went into his grandmother's room, which was unoccupied at the time, and directly afterwards he ran out holding his hand to his mouth. He subsequently told his mother, who questioned him as to what was the matter, that he had drunk some water out of the kettle which was boiling on the hob in the room. His mother gave him some milk, and he appeared much better, and was able to eat his tea; but about a quarter of an hour after he had gone to bed he was found in a choking condition. He was immediately brought to the Infirmary, where he died on Monday evening. Dr Swain, House Surgeon at the Infirmary, deposed that the child was admitted suffering from a scalded throat. The immediate cause of death was inflammation of the lungs, the result of the scald. Verdict accordingly."

William and Alice went on to have six more children, all born in Bristol - Alice Amelia, born c. 1891; William Edward, born 6th October 1892; Frank Percy, born 22nd October 1894; Ernest Charles, born c. 1897; Arthur Colston, born c. 1903, and Alfred Reginald, born 23rd October 1906. This is how the family appears in the 1891, 1901 and 1911 censuses:

William E. ANDREWS aged 29 Sadler born Bristol
Alice ANDREWS wife 24 born Bristol
Christiana ANDREWS daughter 5 born Bristol
Thomas ANDREWS son 2 born Bristol
Alice ANDREWS daughter 2 months born Bristol
Christiana WYATT mother-in-law widow 55 born Bristol
William WYATT brother-in-law 20 Coal Dealer born Bristol
Emily WYATT sister-in-law 18 Dressmaker born Bristol
Frederick JONES nephew 11 Scholar born Bristol

William ANDREWS age 38 Saddler born St Philips, Bristol
Alice ANDREWS wife 35 born St Philips, Bristol
Chrissie ANDREWS daughter 15 Machinist Shirt born St Philips, Bristol
Thomas A. ANDREWS son 12 Scholar born St Philips, Bristol
Alice ANDREWS daughter 10 born St Philips, Bristol
William ANDREWS son 8 born St Philips, Bristol
Frank ANDREWS son 6 born St Philips, Bristol
Ernest ANDREWS son 4 born St Philips, Bristol

9a Lower College Street, Clifton, Bristol (1911)

William E. ANDREWS aged 48 Harness Maker born St Philips, Bristol
Alice A. ANDREWS wife 46 born St Augustine, Bristol
Christian A. ANDREWS daughter 25 Tobacco Trade Packer born St George, Bristol
Thomas A. ANDREWS son 22 General Labourer born St Philips, Bristol
Alice A. ANDREWS daughter 20 Tobacco Trade Packer born St Philips, Bristol
William E. ANDREWS son 18 Hair Dresser born St Philips, Bristol
Frank P. ANDREWS son 16 Printer born St Philips, Bristol
Ernest C. ANDREWS son 14 Chocolate Manufacturer born St Paul, Bristol
Arthur C. ANDREWS son 8 Scholar born St Augustine, Bristol
Alfred R. ANDREWS son 4 Scholar born St Augustine, Bristol
Charles J. MILLS servant 48 Coal Porter born St Philips, Bristol

William Edward ANDREWS died on 26th July 1935 in Bristol. His widow Alice ANDREWS (nee WYATT) died in Bristol in 1938.

Florence Rebecca ANDREWS (b. 1868) married George Albert COOK on 19th October 1885 in St Barnabas, Bristol. George was born in Bristol on 27th July 1861 and was the son of James and Eliza COOK. Florence and George had at least five children together, all born in Bristol - Florence Annie Mabel, born c. 1887; George Alexander, born 11th September 1889; Ada Louise, born c. 1891; Henry James, born c. 1895, and Alfred Edward, born c. 1899. This is how the family appears in the 1891, 1901 and 1911 censuses:

6 King Square Avenue, St James, Bristol (1891)

George COOK aged 28 Baker born St James, Bristol
Florence COOK wife 26 Tailoress born St Paul, Bristol
Florence COOK daughter 3 born St James, Bristol
George A. COOK son 1 born St James, Bristol

42 Hill Street, St Clement, Bristol (1901)

George COOK aged 34 Railway Carman Foreman born Bristol
Florence COOK wife 32 Tailoress born Bristol
Mabel COOK daughter 14 Chocolate Worker born Bristol
George COOK son 11 born Bristol
Ada COOK daughter 10 born Bristol
Henry COOK son 6 born Bristol
Alfred COOK son 1 born Bristol

1a Moon Street, St Paul, Bristol (1911)

George COOK aged 43 Carrier's Servant born St James, Bristol
Florence COOK wife 41 Tailoress born St Paul, Bristol
Mabel COOK daughter 23 Dressmaker born St James, Bristol
Ada COOK daughter 20 Coat Machinist born St James, Bristol
Henry COOK son 15 Hairdresser born St Paul, Bristol
Alfred COOK son 11 Scholar born St Paul, Bristol

John Southcott ANDREWS was baptised on 30th June 1822 in St James, Bristol and was the son of Richard ANDREWS and Mary SOUTHCOTT. He married Emma HOLLISTER on 3rd April 1842 in St Philip & Jacob, Bristol. Emma was born in about 1822 in Bristol and was the daughter of George and Ann HOLLISTER. John and Emma had at least nine children together, all born in Bristol - John Southcott, born c. 1842, died c. 1846; Emma Eliza, born c. 1844; Samuel Walter, born c. 1846; Mary Ann Southcott, born c. 1848; Richard, born c. 1850; William, born c. 1852; James, born c. 1855; Mary, born c. 1856, and John Southcott, born c. 1857. John also became a saddler and harness maker as seen here in the 1851 census:

5b Barr Street, St Paul, Bristol (1851)

John ANDREWS aged 28 Harness Maker born St James, Bristol
Emma ANDREWS wife 28 born Gloucester
Edward ANDREWS brother 31 Harness Maker born Bristol
Emma ANDREWS daughter 5 born Bristol
Samuel ANDREWS son 4 born Bristol
Mary ANDREWS daughter 3 Bristol born Bristol
Richard ANDREWS son 1 born Bristol

The 1852 Bristol directory shows John as a "fire bucket and leather hose maker" living at 5 Barrs Street and by 1858 he had also began operating as a rope and twine dealer.

On 5th February 1859 the Bristol Mercury reported on a fracas in Almondsbury which involved John ANDREWS: "Assault and Riot at Almondsbury. George Pearce, of the parish of Almondsbury, carpenter, was summoned by Henry Morgan, of the same place, for assaulting him at Almondsbury on the night of Friday, the 28th January. The complainant deposed that he was at the Bowl inn, at Almondsbury, on the night in question, in company with his wife, and a male friend named John Andrews (who is a saddler, residing at Barrs-street, Bristol), and on their leaving the Bowl there was a regular mob assembled outside, and the defendant came up to him and, without the least provocation, knocked him (complainant) down. The same defendant was also charged with assaulting Mrs. Morgan, the wife of complainant. Mr. Ayre, solicitor, of Bristol, appeared for the defendant and called John Roberts, William Osborne, and Henry Wilcox, who deposed that they saw Morgan, his wife, and Andrews come out of the Bowl on the night of the row, and that Morgan went up to the defendant and knocked him down. Pending the decision in this case, Thomas Pearce, carpenter, Thomas Pearce, blacksmith, James Willis, labourer, Absalom Williams, carpenter, and George Pearce, carpenter, all of Almondsbury, were summoned by John Andrews, for assaulting him at the same time and place. The complainant deposed that he was at the Bowl inn, at Almondsbury, on the night of Friday, the 28th ult., in company with Henry Morgan and his wife, and on their leaving there was assembled outside the inn a mob of between thirty and forty persons, playing a 'rough band', who immediately pounced upon them, and among whom he recognised the five defendants; they attacked him in the most savage manner, knocked him down, and injured his ribs and shoulder, and one of the ruffians cried out 'Murder the ---.' The complainant’s statement was confirmed by Henry Morgan, who was examined as a witness. Mr. Ayre also appeared for these defendants, and contended that, although there was a mob assembled, it would have passed off quietly, had not the two complainants commenced the row, in support of which he called several witnesses, who swore that they saw Morgan and Andrews strike first. This being the whole of the evidence, the Magistrates consulted together for a few minutes, and the chairman said he considered the defendants had been guilty of a most brutal assault, and find them severally in the sum of £5 including costs, or two months' imprisonment."

John took over the family business in Broadmead after the death of his father in 1859. The street directories indicate that he also continued to run his fire bucket, leather hose and rope and twine business in Barrs Street. On 14th July 1860 the Bristol Mercury reported on a case heard at the Magistrates' Court involving John's treatment of his son Samuel under the headline: "Inhuman Brutality To A Child":

"The sitting magistrates were on Monday occupied for a considerable time in investigating a very painful charge of inhuman conduct preferred against John Southgate Andrews, who carries on the trade of a harness maker in Broadmead, practised upon his son, a boy fourteen years of age, named Samuel Walter Andrews... The specific charge was for having placed a pair of handcuffs round the boy's legs, thereby causing laceration."

It seems that Samuel was spotted by a police constable on Park Street appearing to be walking lame and upon investigation it was found that he had a handcuff around one leg. In the witness box Samuel revealed that he had been wearing the handcuff for about three weeks without being taken off and that it was put on "because I did go out of the shop, and did not do my work right." He had left his father's house the previous Tuesday and had not been home since. When asked whether his father had ever ill-treated him before, Samuel replied: "Yes; he had been beaten with a ground-ash stick about a week before he ran away; had been beaten before now with a whip, and his father had tied him up with a piece of tarred twine by his two thumbs to a nail which he drove in the kitchen wall; he could only stand upon his toes, which were just resting upon the floor; he was kept a day in that position; that was when his father was at the shop in Barr's Lane, about five months ago; he was tied up in the morning till about five o'clock in the evening."

Upon further questioning Samuel "owned to have 'mooched' from two day schools to which he had been sent, and for which his father had punished him, but denied having ever betaen his mother, nor indeed his sister, except when she had struck him first; he also owned to having taken things from his father, but which his father had obtained possession of again; his father had said that if he worked steadily he would pay him all he earned, and put it into a bank for him; he had worked day and night, and all night at double-thick belts or machines bands; about a month ago he had run away from his father, and was away about three days before his father found him ... his father had wished him to be a good boy, but at the same time kept on beating him; his aunt and uncle Bathe had come to him and begged him to be a good boy, but his father had beat him at the same time; he had also struck him on the head with a hammer two or three times."

"Mr. Edlin addressed their Worships on the part of the accused, and allowed that the evidence of the boy, if true, showed that the father had in a measure exceeded the limits of parental authority, but, then, he had been given to understand that the boy, when at home, not only struck his mother, but injured his brothers and sister; in fact, he was the black sheep of the family. The accused had seven children, and the complainant was a boy who had probably been very kindly treated... There was no doubt [the accused] had exceeded the correction which a father ought to administer to a child, but, in dealing with the case, he urged them not to forget the character of the boy." Edlin added, "The father is a respectable tradesman in this city, and what punishment you inflict upon him will recoil upon his family."

Emma Andrews, Samuel's sister, was then called to the stand, stating "that the complainant was her brother; he was about fourteen years of age; he behaved very badly at home, and her father did not know what to do with him; he kicked her mother on one occasion. Her mother went to catch him to prevent his running out again, when he kicked her in the side; he had run away for three weeks at a time, and her father and mother had been out day and night looking for him; her father had been too kind to him; he had never punished or beat him in any way; it was her brother's wish to have a chain on; she believed the handcuff was put on Thursday week; it was put on when he came home last; he never had it on before, nor it wouldn't have been put on then if it hadn't been his wish; he said, 'Father, do put the chain on my leg to keep me in'; he had knocked witness down several times; her father had paid him for the work he did; he never complained of any pain, but would run about and play with the chain on his leg, and make fun of it; she had never seen her father treat him badly; he was always too good to him; he was too good to them all; her brother was never tied by the thumbs, not had a strap put round his middle; her father never did anything to him but talk to him; her father had never struck her nor any of the family."

"Mr. Brice said there was no doubt that he was an exceedingly bad boy, as bad as he could possibly be, but the punishment which had been stated, very far transcended the power of a father. He should advise the magistrates to allow the recorder and a jury to determine whether it was a proper chastisement for a boy... The accused was then committed to the next quarter session, bail being accepted, himself in £50, and two sureties in £25."

The seriousness of the allegations resulted in the case being reported in other local newspapers, including the Hereford Times and the Sherborne Mercury. On 3rd November 1860 the Mercury reported on the subsequent Quarter Session hearing under the headline "Alleged Cruelty By A Father":

"John Southcott Andrews, 38, saddler, surrendered having been out on bail, to answer an indictment, charging him with having assaulted and beaten Samuel Walter Andrews, his son."

The Recorder asked Samuel: "Did you tell Mr. Hibbins that what you had said about your father before the magistrates was not true?" To which Samuel replied, "Yes, sir." The Recorded asked, "Why did you tell him that?" Samuel did not answer, and the Recorded then asked, "Did you say before the magistrates what was not true?" Samuel replied, "Yes, some of it." Mr. Edlin then said, "After that, Mr. Recorder, do you think the case should proceed?" The Recorder responded: "The boy says one thing one minute, and another another. He says that he told Mr. Hibbins that a portion of what he told the magistrates was not true, and now he says he did say what was not true. Do the jury wish the case to go on?" The jury responded that they could not depend on the boy's evidence, and John ANDREWS was discharged.

It appears that John had a relationship with Fanny MORGAN, who was mentioned in the above Bristol Mercury article, while still married to Emma. On 26th July 1860 the Western Daily Press reported that Fanny had been "brought up under a warrant, charged by Sergeant Porter, of the Almondsbury County Police, with obtainiing goods on April 11 (Easter Wednesday), from the shop of Messrs J. Wintle and Co., under false pretence that they were for Mrs Lambourne, housekeeper to Colonel Masters, at Knowle Park." The goods included fifteen yards of black Cobourg, sarsnet ribbon, Bath coating, and two pairs of gloves, and amounted to £1 18s 8d. The cost of these items was charged to Mrs. LAMBOURNE, who insisted that she had not authorised Fanny to get them. Emma ANDREWS was called for the defence, "the wife of a saddler in Broadmead, who was not long charged with cruelly ill-treating his son". Emma testified that Fanny had arrived at her house on Easter Monday and remained there until the following Friday. She claimed that Fanny had slept with her and that John had slept with the children. She was then asked if her husband frequently visited Fanny in Almondsbury, to which Emma replied that he did. It was then suggested that John was "very intimate" with Fanny and that "the people at Almondsbury not long since had what they call 'skimmerton dancing' on account of them" (this was a custom intended to ridicule an unfaithful or abusive husband or wife). When asked whether John cohabited with Fanny, Emma replied "I know he goes with her".

John's daughter Emma was then called as a witness, and the description of her provides a picture of the status of the family at the time: "Emma Andrews … was called, and she stated, in answer to Mr. Williams, that she was 18 years of age; she could not read; she did not go to school, but sometimes went to St. James's church; she knew it was the Testament she had in her hand, though she couldn’t read it, and she also knew that wicked persons went to hell." Emma corroborated her mother's story, claiming that Fanny was with them during Easter week, and that they had spent the entire time working at embroidery. This brought an incredulous response from William HERAPATH, one of the presiding Justices of the Peace: "[they] spent thirteen hours in doors sitting doing nothing!" A further witness claimed that Fanny had also tried to obtain goods from him under false pretences, and she was committed for trial.

However it isn't known whether Fanny's trial ever went ahead. On 25th October 1860 the Western Daily Press reported that "Mr Edlin, on behalf of the prisoner, applied for a postponement of the case till the next session, on account of her inability through illness to appear. Mr J. G. Lansdowne, surgeon, stated that she was ill of a fever and could not be removed form her bed for some days without very great danger of death. He had visited her since Monday week at Mr Andrews's, in Barrs Street." Then on 5th January 1861 the Western Daily Press revealed that Fanny was "completely paralyzed and quite unable to appear in answer to the charge preferred against her" and that the doctor thought it was "exteremly improbable that she would ever be able to appear at that Court upon any future occasion." The case suggests that John had convinced his wife and daughter to perjure themselves in an effort to prevent Fanny from being charged, perhaps indicating that he was a domineering husband and father.

In 1861 John and Emma were living in Broadmead, but Samuel was no longer living with them, and his whereabouts at the time is not known:

John Southcott ANDREWS aged 39 Master Saddle & Harness Maker born Bristol
Emma ANDREWS wife 39 born Bristol
Emma ANDREWS daughter 16 born Bristol
Richard ANDREWS son 10 Scholar born Bristol
William ANDREWS son 9 Scholar born Bristol
James ANDREWS son 6 Schlor born Bristol
Mary ANDREWS daughter 5 Scholar born Bristol
John ANDREWS son 3 Scholar born Bristol

Emma ANDREWS (nee HOLLISTER) died on 5th February 1863. It seems as though John ANDREWS may have remarried, although his second marriage has not yet been traced. His new partner was Hester Elizabeth HIGGINS nee BUTTON. Hester was born in Kilmersdon, Somerset in about 1828 and was the daughter of James BUTTON and Rhoda TURNER and the widow of Thomas HIGGINS. John and Hester had at least four children together - Elizabeth Button, born 5th April 1864 in Bristol; Isaac Button, born c. 1866, died c. 1869; Eliza Ann, born c. 1868 in Nailsea, Somerset, and Isaac, born 5th December 1870 in Congresbury.

The following advertisement appeared in the Western Daily Press on 5th November 1867: "MORGAN LEWIS, Saddler and Harness Maker, 51 Merchant Street, in returning thanks for the liberal support received during the last five years, begs to inform his Friends and the Public generally that he has taken the old-established business carried on by Mr JOHN ANDREWS and his late Father for the last sixty years, at 22 Broadmead, and has removed the same to his present place of Business and hopes, by strict attention and very moderate charges, to merit a continuance of their favours – I hereby give notice, that I have disposed of the Business carried on by me and my Predecessors, at 22 Broadmead, to MORGAN LEWIS, Saddler, &c, of 51 Merchant Street, thanking my Friends for their past favours, and hoping a continuance in his behalf. JOHN S. ANDREWS, Oct 30. 1867."

John also gave up his business at 5 Barrs Street around the same time and the family subsequently moved away from Bristol. This is how they appear in the 1871 census:

John ANDREWS aged 49 Master Harness Maker born Bristol
Elizabeth ANDREWS wife 42 born Coleford, Somerset
Elizabeth ANDREWS daughter 6 born Bristol
Eliza Ann ANDREWS daughter 2 born Nailsea, Somerset
Isaac ANDREWS son 3 months born Congresbury, Somerset
Walter HIGGINS stepson 16 born Pensford, Somerset

John Southcott ANDREWS died in about 1877. By 1891 his widow Hester Elizabeth had moved to Wales and was living in Ebbw Vale with two of her children:

15 Mount Pleasant Road, Ebbw Vale, Bedwellty, Monmouthshire

Elizabeth ANDREWS widow 61 born Kilmersdon, Somerset
Frank HIGGINS son 31 Harness Maker born Pensford, Somerset
Eliza Ann ANDREWS daughter 22 Milliner born Nailsea, Somerset
Charles MEATON boarder 29 Platelayer born Hereford
William OVERTON boarder 24 Primitive Methodist Minister born Worthen, Shropshire

In 1901 Hester was living with her daughter and son-in-law Pontypridd (see census transcript below).

Samuel Walter ANDREWS (b. 1846) appeared in local newspapers several times in connection with various petty crimes. The following report appeared in the Western Daily Press on 26th February 1861: "Robbery by a boy. Samuel Walker Andrews, a boy about 16 years of age, was brought up charged with being found in the house of Mr Colbourn, St. Augustine's Terrace, for the purpose of committing a felony. – The prosecutor stated that for some time past he had missed cigars, tobacco, sugar, and other articles, and on Saturday night he determined to watch his premises. About two o'clock he went into the house, having been out for some time, and just as he entered the door he saw a light put out. He then asked a friend that was with him to fasten the door, in order that the thief might be captured. The door was then closed, a light struck, and after a search the prisoner was found. – P.C. 283 deposed to being called into the public-house and apprehending the prisoner. Upon searching him a number of cigars and a quantity of tobacco were found upon him. The prisoner is the son of Mr Andrews, of Broadmead, who a short time ago was charged with ill-using him by fastening a 'cuff' to his leg. – Mr Andrews informed the Bench that his son was the most notorious boy he ever knew in his life. He had robbed him repeatedly, and he had often threatened to break his skull. – The prisoner pleaded guilty, and was sentenced to four months' imprisonment."

Samuel had another run-in with the law in 1864, again involving his father, as reported in the Western Daily Press on 26th May 1864: "Breaking into a father's house. Samuel Walter Andrews and Ellen Curnock were charged with breaking and entering the premises of J. S. Andrews, the father of the male prisoner, at a rope and twine shop in Barr's street. The things taken were wearing apparel of the father and articles belonging to the sister. It appeared that the male defendant had not lived with his father for some time. Several of the missing articles were found in a room occupied by defendants in Hanover Street, near the Drawbridge. The female prisoner pawned one of the missing articles. Defendant said he was going to carry the articles back; he was starving when he did it. The female defendant was then discharged, and admitted as a witness. She deposed that the male prisoner brought the things to the room, and would not tell her where he got them. He promised to carry them all back again. She pawned a sheet to obtain some bread and butter for him, as he was starving. He promised to redeem it and return all the things again. Defendant had been previously convicted, and he was committed for trial. The mother of Curnock, it seemed, lodged over the premises of the complainant in Barr's Lane."

The Bristol Mercury on 28th May also reported on the case: "SATURDAY. Samuel Walter Andrews (18) and Ellen Curnock (24) were charged with breaking and entering the dwellin-house of Mr. J.S. Andrews, and stealing therefrom a quantity of property belonging to him and other persons. The evidence showed that the house of the complainant, No. 5, Barr's Street, was securely fastened on Friday night, and subsequently a great deal of property was carried off by persons who broke into the dwelling. Detective Clark and Sergt. Windmill received information of the burglary, and they searched the lodgings of the male prisoner that morning, when they saw him with a locket round his neck which it was believed had been stolen, and on searching the room a brooch and some wearing apparel were discovered, which were identified by the complainant. The female prisoner was in the room at the time, and upon her was found the duplicate of an article stolen, which had been pledged at the shop of Mr. Chilcott. The case being incomplete, was remanded.

“WEDNESDAY. Samuel Walter Andrews and Ellen Curnock, who had been remanded for breaking and entering the dwelling-house of Mr. Andrews, saddler, Barrs Street, and stealing therefrom a quantity of wearing apparel, his property, and the property of a lodger, were again brought up. Emma Andrews proved that a brooch and other articles taken from the house were her property. Emily Vowles, who lived in the upper part of the house, deposed to closing the door on Friday night, and evidence was given to show that the hasp of one of the windows having been broken off entrance to the premises was thus obtained. Detective Clark and P.S. Windmill deposed to searching the lodgings of the prisoners and finding part of the stolen property there. The magistrates decided that there was not sufficient evidence to criminate Curnock, and they accordingly discharged her, and accepted her evidence against the other accused. She said that her companion brought home a quantity of wearing apparel on Friday night, and he admitted that he had brought it from Barr's Street. The prisoner had been before convicted and sentenced to two years’ imprisonment, and he was not committed for trial.”

On 9th July 1864 the Mercury reported on the subsequent Quarter Session hearing: "Samuel Walter Andrews, 18, saddler, was indicted for stealing five sheets, the property of John Southcott Andrews, and three shirts, a flannel petticoat, a plated locket, a sheet, and other articles, the property of Emma Andrews, on the 21st of May. Mr. Pinkney prosecuted. The prisoner, who is the son of the male prosecutor, and the brother to the female, on the 20th of May took the articles in question from his father’s house, in Barrs Street, and carried them to a female, with whom he was cohabiting. On the following day this female pledged one of the sheets at Mr. Chilcott's, St. Augustine's Back. The jury found the prisoner guilty, and a previous conviction was admitted by the accused. Sentence, six months' imprisonment with hard labour."

What became of Samuel after his time in prison is unknown as he does not appear in any later censuses.

Richard ANDREWS (b. 1850) married Margaret KIELEY in 1869. She was born in London in about 1847. Richard and Margaret had at least one child together - Mary Ann, born c. 1870 in Bristol. This is how the family appears in 1871:

Richard ANDREWS aged 23 Saddler born Bristol
Margaret ANDREWS wife 24 Seamstress born London
Mary Ann ANDREWS daughter 11 months born Bristol

Margaret ANDREWS (nee KIELEY) died in about 1875 and Richard subsequently married Mary Jane LONG on 25th December 1875 in Holy Trinity, Bristol. Mary was born in Stapleton, Bristol in about 1855 and was the daughter of George LONG. Richard and Mary had ten children together, though by 1911 only six were still alive. The following are the children who have so far been identified, all born in Bristol - Sarah Jane, born 28th January 1882; Margaret Emma, born 22nd March 1884; Edith Ellen, born c. 1886; Richard William, born c. 1888; Florence Eliza, born c. 1891, and Maud Rosina, born c. 1895. This is how the family appears in the 1881, 1891 and 1901 censuses:

Richard ANDREWS aged 30 Saddler born St James, Bristol
Mary Jane ANDREWS wife 25 Laundress born Gloucestershire
Mary Ann ANDREWS daughter 11 Scholar born St Paul, Bristol

Richard ANDREWS aged 41 Saddler born Bristol
Mary Jane ANDREWS wife 34 born Stapleton, Gloucestershire
Sarah Jane ANDREWS daughter 9 Scholar born Bristol
Emma ANDREWS daughter 7 Scholar born Bristol
Edith ANDREWS daughter 5 Scholar born Bristol
Richard ANDREWS son 2 born Bristol
Florence ANDREWS daughter 13 days born Bristol

Richard ANDREWS aged 50 Saddler born Bristol
Mary J. ANDREWS wife 44 born Bristol
Sarah J. ANDREWS daughter 19 Chocolate Factory Hand born Bristol
Edith E. ANDREWS daughter 15 Chocolate Factory Hand born Bristol
Richard W. ANDREWS son 12 born Bristol
Florence E. ANDREWS daughter 10 born Bristol
Maud R. ANDREWS daughter 5 born Bristol

Richard ANDREWS died on 27th February 1910 at 14 Mary Street, Warwick Road, Bristol and was bured in St Mary, Fishponds. In 1911 his widow Mary Jane was still living in Easton with three of their children:

John Southcott ANDREWS (b. 1857) married Ellen MARRIOTT on 23rd December 1877 in St John, Hoxton, London. Ellen was born in Northampton in about 1860 and was the daughter of George Joseph MARRIOTT. For some reason John changed the spelling of his middle name to 'Southgate'. John and Emma had at least ten children together, all born in London - Florence Elizabeth, born 26th Nov 1878, died c. 1879; Ada Ellen, born 14th March 1880; John Frederick, born 4th August 1880; Rosa Minnie, born 27th October 1884; Elizabeth, born 3rd March 1886; Ellen, born 22nd January 1887; Mary Ann Beatrice, born 25th December 1887, died c. 1888; Thomas John Southgate Andrews, born 14 July 1893; Ellen, born 10th December 1894, and Frederick Thomas, born 15th February 1899, died c. 1899. This is how the family appears in the 1891 and 1901 censuses:

John S. ANDREWS aged 34 Machinist in Boot Factory born Bristol
Ellen ANDREWS wife 31 born Northampton
Ada E. ANDREWS daughter 11 Scholar born Shoreditch, London
John F. ANDREWS son 9 Scholar born Shoreditch, London
Rose M. ANDREWS daughter 7 Scholar born Hackney, London
Ellen ANDREWS daughter 4 Scholar born Haggerstone, London

John S. ANDREWS aged 45 Shoe Maker in Boot Factory born Bristol
Ellen ANDREWS wife 40 born Northampton
Ada ANDREWS daughter 21 born Bethnal Green, London
Rose ANDREWS daughter 17 born Bethnal Green, London
John ANDREWS son 7 born Shoreditch, London
Ellen ANDREWS daughter 6 born Shoreditch, London

John Southgate ANDREWS died in about 1907. This is how his widow Ellen appears in 1911:

35 Bleyton Dwellings, Chatham Avenue, Hoxton, London

Ellen ANDREWS widow aged 50 born Northampton
Thomas John Southgate ANDREWS son 17 Puller Out at Saw Mills born Bethnal Green, London
Ellen ANDREWS daughter 16 Cardboard Box Working born Bethnal Green, London

Eliza Ann ANDREWS (b. 1868) married Frank STOCKER in 1896. Frank was born in West Hatch, Somerset in about 1870. Eliza and Frank had at least four children together - Bessie, born c. 1897 in Bristol; Reginald, born c. 1898 in Pontypridd, Glamorgan, Wales; Lily, born c. 1902 in Pontypridd, and Frank, born c. 1905 in Pontypridd. This is how the family appears in the 1901 and 1911 censuses:

14 Berw Road, St Katherine, Pontypridd, Glamorgan, Wales (1901)

Frank STOCKER aged 30 Cabman's Groom born West Hatch, Somerset
Annie STOCKER wife 31 born Nailsea, Somerset
Bessie STOCKER daughter 4 born Bristol
Reginald STOCKER son 2 born Pontypridd, Glamorgan
Elizabeth ANDREWS mother-in-law 72 born Coleford, Somerset

30 Morgan Street, Pontypridd, Glamorgan, Wales (1911)

Frank STOCKER aged 41 Cab Proprietor born West Hatch, Somerset
Eliza Ann STOCKER wife 42 born Nailsea, Somerset
Bessie STOCKER daughter 14 born Bristol
Reginald STOCKER son 12 born Pontypridd, Glamorgan
Lilly STOCKER daughter 9 born Pontypridd, Glamorgan
Frank STOCKER son 6 born Pontypridd, Glamorgan